A guide to upgrade my proxmox server from 8.4.0 to 9 for testing and learning purposes.

Console/SSH access (ideally via iDRAC/KVM) and good backups. Run upgrades from a shell, not the web UI. Proxmox VE控制台/SSH 访问（最好通过 iDRAC/KVM）以及良好的备份。从 Shell 而非 Web UI 运行升级。Proxmox VE
If you run Ceph on the node, upgrade Ceph to 19.x Squid before proceeding. Proxmox VE如果您在节点上运行 Ceph，请先将 Ceph 升级到 19.x Squid ，然后再继续。Proxmox VE

Update 8.4 to the latest (to get the checker)1）更新 8.4 至最新版本（以获取检查器）

apt update
apt dist-upgrade -y
pveversion            # should show >= 8.4.1

The pve8to9 checker is provided by the latest 8.4 packages; run it often. Proxmox VE最新的 8.4 软件包提供了 pve8to9 检查器；请经常运行它。Proxmox

pve8to9 --full

2) Switch APT repositories to Debian 13 + PVE 9 (deb822 format)2）将 APT 存储库切换到 Debian 13 + PVE 9（deb822 格式）

Debian base (trixie + security) — include `non-free-firmware`Debian 基础（trixie + security）——包含 `non-free-firmware`

cat > /etc/apt/sources.list.d/debian.sources <<'EOF'
Types: deb
URIs: http://deb.debian.org/debian/
Suites: trixie trixie-updates
Components: main non-free-firmware
Signed-By: /usr/share/keyrings/debian-archive-keyring.gpg

Types: deb
URIs: http://security.debian.org/debian-security/
Suites: trixie-security
Components: main non-free-firmware
Signed-By: /usr/share/keyrings/debian-archive-keyring.gpg
EOF

Debian 13 expects deb822 sources and uses the non-free-firmware component. Proxmox VEDebian 13 需要 deb822 源并使用 non-free-firmware 组件。Proxmox

Proxmox VE 9 (no-subscription)Proxmox VE 9（无需订阅）

cat > /etc/apt/sources.list.d/proxmox.sources <<'EOF'
Types: deb
URIs: http://download.proxmox.com/debian/pve
Suites: trixie
Components: pve-no-subscription
Signed-By: /usr/share/keyrings/proxmox-archive-keyring.gpg
EOF

Remove any leftover Bookworm or old PVE 8 entries删除任何剩余的 Bookworm 或旧的 PVE 8 条目

mv /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list.bak 2>/dev/null || true
sed -i '/bookworm/d' /etc/apt/sources.list.d/*.list 2>/dev/null || true
apt update
apt policy | sed -n '1,200p'   # sanity-check: only *trixie* repos

3) Upgrade to Debian 13 / PVE 9 and reboot3）升级到 Debian 13 / PVE 9 并重启

apt dist-upgrade -y
pve8to9 --full
reboot

After dist-upgrade, re-run the checker, then reboot to load the 6.14 kernel. Proxmox VEdist-upgrade 之后，重新运行检查器，然后重新启动以加载 6.14 内核。Proxmox VE

4) Post-reboot checks4）重启后检查

uname -r     # expect 6.14.*-pve
pveversion   # expect pve-manager/9.x

5) Common warnings & how to resolve5）常见警告及解决方法

A) `systemd-boot` meta-package warningA) `systemd-boot` 元包警告

If pve8to9 flags the systemd-boot meta-package and you didn’t intentionally switch to sd-boot, remove the meta-package (it auto-installs sd-boot hooks you don’t want):如果 pve8to9 标记了 systemd-boot 元包，而您并没有故意切换到 sd-boot，请删除该元包（它会自动安装您不需要的 sd-boot 钩子）：

apt remove -y systemd-boot

Microcode warning (Intel/AMD)微代码警告（Intel/AMD）

Enable non-free-firmware (see §2) and install the matching package:启用 non-free-firmware （参见§2）并安装匹配的软件包：

apt install intel-microcode   # Intel
# or
apt install amd64-microcode   # AMD

Microcode packages live in the Debian repo and provide early CPU fixes. Proxmox VE Debian Packages微码包位于 Debian 仓库中，提供早期的 CPU 修复。Proxmox VE Debian 软件包

D) LVM auto-activation noticeD）LVM 自动激活通知

PVE 9 disables auto-activation for new LVs; for existing ones you can run the migration script (strongly recommended on shared LVM; optional on local LVM):PVE 9 禁用新 LV 的自动激活；对于现有的 LV，您可以运行迁移脚本（强烈建议在共享 LVM 上使用；在本地 LVM 上可选）：

/usr/share/pve-manager/migrations/pve-lvm-disable-autoactivation

upgrade my proxmox server from 8.4.0 to 9.0

Proxmox VE 8.4 → 9.x (Debian 12 “bookworm” → 13 “trixie”) Upgrade Notes

Prerequisites先决条件